Where to See the Northern Lights in Finnish Lapland

The four places worth choosing in Finnish Lapland for the aurora, what is around them, and what to skip. Levi, Yllas, Saariselka, and why Kakslauttanen is no longer worth the money.

Skip Kakslauttanen. Here is where Finnish Lapland actually pays off.

The single most photographed building in Finland is a glass igloo at Kakslauttanen Arctic Resort, two and a half hours by car north of Rovaniemi. I have looked at the price tag (€500 to €900 a night for the standard kelo-glass igloo, more in peak weeks), looked at the satellite map (a sprawling holiday camp with 65+ igloos clustered around a service road), and looked at the actual aurora odds on the same patch of sky thirty kilometres further on, and I keep arriving at the same answer. You can do better. You can do much better, and for a third of the money.

Aurora over snow-laden trees in Yllasjarvi, Finnish Lapland
Yllasjarvi at minus 18, the moment the curtain widened. The trees you see here are pine bent permanently into shape by the weight of years of snow.

This is a guide to the four places in Finnish Lapland that are genuinely worth choosing for the aurora, what comes around them, and what to skip. It assumes you have read the brochures and the top-ten listicles and you want the version someone writes after they have actually been north of the Arctic Circle in winter, watched the sky for a few weeks, and worked out which corner of the region delivers the goods. Levi for the ski-and-aurora combination. Ylläs if you want the same but quieter. Saariselkä for the highest aurora odds and the wilderness on your doorstep. Kakslauttanen if you have an unlimited budget and a strong stomach for queues at the breakfast buffet.

Why Finnish Lapland beats Norway for the lights, weather-wise

Aurora borealis over Finnish Lapland
The Atlantic stops mattering once you cross into Finland. Drier air, more clear nights, harder cold.

Norway has the more dramatic landscape and the higher latitude. Tromsø sits at 69.6 degrees north, comfortably under the auroral oval, and its tour guides are the most experienced in Scandinavia. But Tromsø has a problem the brochures don’t mention. It rains. Or snows. Or fogs in. The North Atlantic is metres away, the Gulf Stream pumps warm wet air at the coast, and on a typical week in Tromsø in February you will get clear nights and you will get four nights in a row of low cloud and nothing.

Finnish Lapland is drier and continental. The further inland you get, the more the Atlantic stops mattering and the more nights you get with stars overhead. The Finnish Meteorological Institute publishes the numbers. Northern Lapland sees auroras on roughly 200 nights a year. Sodankylä, in the middle of the country, has more clear nights in winter than anywhere on the Norwegian coast. The trade-off is the cold. Finland in January gets to minus 25 routinely and minus 35 several nights a year. You will be standing outside in that, and your camera battery will give up before you do.

For the lights specifically, the colder it is, the better. Cold high pressure clears the sky. The nights I have had the most stable, longest aurora shows have all been around minus 20, with no wind and the snow squeaking underfoot the way it only does below minus 18. If your priority is seeing the aurora and not just being in a place where it might happen, Finland is the better choice over Norway. The compromise is that the landscape is flat. Lots of frozen lakes, lots of snow-laden pine, and very little of the sharp coastal drama that makes Lofoten photographs look like another planet.

The four real options

Aurora borealis over Inari and Finnish Lapland
Lake Inari from the southern shore. Frozen from late November to mid-May in a normal year.

Forget the lists of twelve. There are four places in Finnish Lapland a first-time aurora traveller should choose between, and the choice depends on how much you care about skiing, peace, latitude, and money. I will go through each, then talk about Rovaniemi (which is your airport, not your aurora base), Inari (which is your culture day), and the question of reindeer farms versus husky farms.

Levi: skiing plus aurora, the well-served option

Snow-covered fells around the Levi and Yllas area at winter sunset
Looking south from the Levi side at the end of an afternoon. The light here disappears fast in midwinter.

Levi is Finland’s biggest ski resort, on the slopes of a fell of the same name in Kittilä municipality, around 170 kilometres north of the Arctic Circle. You fly into Kittilä airport (KTT, direct from Helsinki and a handful of European cities in winter) and you are at the resort in 15 minutes. Two hours after landing you can be on the chairlift. That ease is the single best reason to pick Levi.

Wide green aurora display over Levi, Kittila, in 2023
Levi from a few hundred metres outside the resort core, where the streetlights stop and the sky takes over. Photo from a strong September evening, 2023. Photo by Tiina Riipinen / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

The aurora odds here are very good. You are at 67.8 degrees north, deep in the auroral zone, and once you walk five minutes out of the village core the light pollution drops to almost nothing. The Levi gondola runs into the late evening and on clear nights it is genuinely worth riding up with a flask. From the top of the fell you have an unobstructed horizon in every direction and snow-covered Christmas-card pine all the way to the edge of sight. I went up at minus 22 once, alone in the cabin, and the sky stripped clean for an hour. Bring spare batteries, the cold will eat anything you have not stored next to your skin.

The downsides. Levi is loud. There are two main bars (Hullu Poro Areena and Areena’s smaller upstairs sibling), a strip of Norwegian and Finnish stag groups in February, and the streetlights on the lift road do reach a few hundred metres into the woods. If you are looking for silence, Levi is not it. If you are happy to mix daytime skiing with evening aurora chases and want a working bar to walk to, it is one of the best bases in the country.

Where to stay: Levi Hotel Spa and Hullu Poro are the two big resort hotels in the village core. For aurora, the better picks are the cabins on the edges of the resort where the streetlights stop. Levin Iglut Golden Crown is the local glass-igloo option (around €380 to €550 a night), set out on a hill above the resort. It costs a fraction of Kakslauttanen and the view from the bed is the same patch of sky.

Ylläs: smaller, quieter, often clearer

Akaslompolo and Yllas fell in Kolari, Lapland
Akaslompolo on the northern slope of Yllas. The smaller, quieter side of a fell that has both a ski lift and an unobstructed walk into the national park. Photo by kallerna / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Forty minutes’ drive west of Levi, on the back of a 718-metre fell called Ylläs, sit two villages: Äkäslompolo on the north slope and Ylläsjärvi on the south. Same fell, different sides, neither anywhere near the size of Levi. This is where I would send anyone who likes the idea of a ski-and-aurora trip but does not want the bar strip.

Red Finnish cottage under the aurora in Lapland
The kind of cabin you can rent for less than a night at Kakslauttanen. The lights find their own composition.

Ylläs has a few small hotels, a lot of kelo-log cabins (kelo is the standing-dead pine that turns silver-grey, very photogenic, very Finnish), and a ski area with longer runs than Levi but a smaller lift fleet. The aurora odds are slightly better than Levi for two reasons. First, less light pollution. Second, the position on the western edge of Pallas-Yllästunturi National Park gives you Finland’s cleanest air according to the long-running Finnish Meteorological Institute station that sits up the road at Pallas. The clean air shows up in the photographs as colour you don’t get in towns. Pinks and reds, when the activity is high, look more saturated here than at Levi.

Wooden cabin in a snowy Lapland forest
Renting a cabin with its own sauna at Yllas: roughly €180 to €300 a night for a two-bedroom in mid-season.

The downsides: Ylläs is quiet to the point of sleepy outside the ski high season, and getting there is harder. The same Kittilä airport serves both, but you’ll need a transfer for the extra 40 minutes of road. There’s no nightlife. If your trip is two adults and you want a sauna, a good kitchen, and a frozen lake you can walk to, Ylläs is more or less the perfect base. If you are travelling with teenagers who want to be entertained, Levi is easier.

Where to stay: Ylläskaltio on the Äkäslompolo side is a working farm-and-cottage operation with reindeer next to the breakfast room. The kelo-cabin rentals through Lapland Hotels and the local agencies sit around €180 to €300 a night for a two-bedroom with a sauna, which is the ratio of luxury to price you basically cannot get in Norway.

Saariselkä: the highest odds, the deepest cold

Frost-covered tree in Saariselka
Tykkylumi, the Finnish word for the heavy crown frost that builds on Lapland trees during long cold spells. Saariselka grows it thicker than most places.

Drive five hours north of Rovaniemi, or fly into Ivalo airport (IVL) and drive 30 minutes south, and you arrive at Saariselkä. This is the proper north. You are at 68.4 degrees, only 250 kilometres from the Arctic Sea, and from late November to mid-January the sun does not rise above the horizon. The polar night in Lapland is called kaamos, and Saariselkä is far enough north to do it properly.

Snow-covered Saariselka landscape at twilight
The blue hour at Saariselka. From early December the sun does not actually rise here; the sky just gets a bit lighter for a couple of hours, then dark again.

For the lights, this is where Finnish Lapland delivers its best numbers. You are sitting almost directly under the auroral oval. Saariselkä village itself is small, the streetlights end about three minutes’ walk from any hotel, and beyond that is Urho Kekkonen National Park, which covers 2,550 square kilometres of fells and pine and not a single permanent road. On a clear night you can walk out of your cabin door, get away from the building lights in a few minutes, and have a 360-degree view of sky.

Saariselantie road in Saariselka
Saariselantie, the main road through the village. The streetlights end about two minutes’ drive past the supermarket. Photo by kallerna / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

The cold is the deal. December and January regularly hit minus 30 here. The Drone & DSLR couple I read on this trip wrote about minus 30 outside Ivalo on a calm night and finding the experience punishing but worth it; that matches my January night at Kaunispää, the small fell above Saariselkä village, where my eyelashes stuck together and I had to put my camera back in my coat every five minutes. If you go in late February or March, the lights are the same but the cold is more like minus 10 to minus 20 and the daylight returns. That is the sweet spot for most people.

Urho Kekkonen National Park, Lapland
Urho Kekkonen National Park covers 2,550 square kilometres of fells and pine. There are wilderness huts within a day’s snowshoe of Saariselka village. Photo by Ximonic, Simo Räsänen / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Saariselkä is also where to base yourself if you want to see the lights and combine it with serious wilderness. The Urho Kekkonen park has wilderness huts (open, free, first-come-first-served bunks with a wood stove) within a day’s snowshoe of the village. You don’t need to do that to enjoy Saariselkä, but it’s there.

Where to stay: Star Arctic Hotel sits up on Kaunispää with rooms looking out over a hundred kilometres of national park. Northern Lights Village Saariselkä runs the same glass-roofed cabin format as the Levi sister property, around €350 a night. Wilderness Hotel Inari is 40 minutes further north and sits on Lake Inari itself; the aurora cabins there have a glass wall that opens onto the lake and the price is closer to €450 a night.

Kakslauttanen: the original glass igloo, and why I stopped recommending it

Kakslauttanen igloo village from above
The Kakslauttanen igloo village from a drone. The romantic single-igloo photographs you have seen are taken with a long lens at a very specific angle. Photo by Charlie Marshall / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY 2.0)

Kakslauttanen Arctic Resort sits between Saariselkä and Inari, off the main road in a forest the resort has thinned out to make room for its expanding fleet of igloos. It opened the first glass igloos in the region in the 1990s, has been featured in roughly every aurora list ever published in English, and is the source of about 80 per cent of the “I slept under the lights in Lapland” Instagram photographs you have ever seen. It is also where the gap between the brochure and the reality is widest.

Aerial view of snowy Lapland forest at twilight near Kakslauttanen
The forest around Kakslauttanen is genuinely beautiful. The accommodation does not need to be the most expensive option in it.

The current standard small glass igloo is a fibreglass shell with a glass dome roof and a single bed. Just the bed. There is no toilet inside. You walk to a shared shower and toilet block, in your slippers, in minus 25, in the dark. The standard igloos cluster very close together, so what you mostly see when you look up from your bed is the dome of the next igloo five metres away. The “kelo-glass igloos” are a step up (en-suite, more space, around €700 a night) but the resort is now so large that the famous lone-igloo-under-the-sky photograph is taken with a telephoto lens at a very specific angle that crops out the parking lot.

Snowy cabin with warm window light, near Kakslauttanen
If you want a glass dome, Levi has Levin Iglut, Saariselka has Northern Lights Village, and Inari has Wilderness Hotel. All three for €350 to €450 a night, all three with better food.

The other issue is the food. Kakslauttanen has its own restaurant, no walking-distance alternative, and the quality of the buffet relative to the price (€60 to €80 per person for dinner) has been complained about consistently in the last few seasons. If you stay there you will eat there.

If you want the glass-roof experience, Levi has Levin Iglut at half the price. Saariselkä has Northern Lights Village. Inari has Wilderness Hotel. All three give you the same view of sky from the same bed for less money and with better food. The only argument for Kakslauttanen at this point is the sheer recognisability of the photograph, and that’s a pretty thin reason to spend €700.

One caveat: the smoke sauna at Kakslauttanen is real and it is one of the largest in Finland. If you are a serious sauna traveller, the day-pass is reasonable and worth it. Use the sauna, sleep elsewhere.

Rovaniemi: your airport, your Santa stop, not your aurora base

Pilke Science Centre, Rovaniemi
Pilke, the science centre next to Arktikum. €11 entry, two hours, very good if you have kids and a wet morning. Photo by Estormiz / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Rovaniemi is the capital of Finnish Lapland and the only airport with frequent direct flights from outside the Nordics. You will probably fly in here. It sits exactly on the Arctic Circle, has 65,000 people, and the city centre is well lit. None of that is good for aurora. If you stay in Rovaniemi proper, you will need to drive 20 to 40 minutes out of town to see the lights properly, and you will need a guide or a rental car to do it.

Winter road through snowy forest in Rovaniemi
The road north out of Rovaniemi towards Sodankyla. Studded tyres are mandatory by law from December to February, and you will want them.

What Rovaniemi is good for: a half-day stop on the way north. The Arktikum museum (€16, open Tue to Sun) is the best museum in Lapland, a long glass tunnel half-buried in the riverbank with proper exhibitions on Arctic ecology and the post-war reconstruction. After the Soviets pushed the Germans out of Lapland in 1944 and 1945, the retreating Wehrmacht burned almost every building on their way out. Rovaniemi was about 90 per cent destroyed. The city you walk through now was built between 1946 and 1955 to a master plan by Alvar Aalto, in the shape of a reindeer’s antlers if you look at the street map from the air.

Santa Claus Village in Rovaniemi
Santa Claus Village. Free to enter, and the post office really is part of the Finnish postal system. The €40 to €60 photograph with Santa is the part you can skip. Photo by Tarja Mitrovic / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 2.0)

Then there is Santa Claus Village, eight kilometres north of the city centre, exactly on the Arctic Circle line. It is open all year, free to enter, and unapologetically a tourist operation. The line on the floor marks 66°33′ north, you stand on it for a photograph, you meet “Santa” in a chalet, you post a letter from his post office (the postmark is genuine, the post office is part of the actual Finnish postal system). You are paying €40 to €60 for a photograph with Santa. With kids it is a good morning out. Without kids it is half an hour and a coffee. Don’t make a special trip; do it because you fly in or out of Rovaniemi anyway and it is genuinely on the way to or from the airport.

Aurora over Rovaniemi at night
If you stay in central Rovaniemi, you will need to drive 20 to 40 minutes out of town to see the lights properly. With a guide or your own car.

If you have one extra day in Rovaniemi, the Arctic SnowHotel and the Korouoma frozen waterfalls (90 minutes’ drive south-east) are both worth doing. Skip the “Husky farm” bookings around the city core and book a husky tour up north instead, where the dogs have a real run.

Inari and Sámi Lapland: the part most people drive past

Lake Inari in winter
Lake Inari, third-largest lake in Finland and very dark by Lapland standards. The aurora composition over the ice is one of the great winter shots in the country.

Forty minutes north of Saariselkä, on the southern shore of the third-largest lake in Finland, sits the village of Inari. Population about 600. This is the cultural and political centre of Sámi Finland. The Sámi parliament (Sajos) is here. The Sámi-language radio station is here. The Sámi cultural museum, Siida, is here, and it is the single best museum in Finnish Lapland.

Siida museum exterior in Inari
Siida museum, Inari. €15, open daily in winter. Plan two hours; the salmon soup in the cafe is €13 and worth it. Photo by Estormiz / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)

Siida (€15, open daily in winter, closes earlier on Sundays) was renovated and reopened in 2022 with new permanent exhibitions. The main hall walks you through the year of a Sámi reindeer-herding family from the autumn round-up through the winter migration to the spring calving and back. The exhibition is built around objects and photography, no cartoon mascots, no contrived “experience” rooms. There is a separate hall on the natural history of Lake Inari and Inari-Saariselkä forest. Plan two hours. The cafe does decent salmon soup for €13.

Sami family in front of a lavvu, archive photograph 1900-1920
Sami family in front of a lavvu, photographed somewhere between 1900 and 1920. The lavvu is the traditional conical Sami tent, still in use today, mostly now as a coffee-and-fire shelter at reindeer farms.

A note on terminology and respect. The word Lapp is now considered offensive by most Sámi. The word for the people is Sámi or Sami; the region is Sápmi. There are nine Sámi languages, three of them spoken in Finnish Lapland (Northern Sámi, Inari Sámi, Skolt Sámi). The area has been continuously inhabited by Sámi for at least 4,000 years, which is a lot longer than Finland has been Finland. The reindeer herding is real, the people are not characters in your trip, and the appropriate way to engage is to visit Siida, eat at the cafe, buy something at one of the Sámi-owned craft shops in the village (Inarisaamen Käsityöpaja is one), and not pay €80 to a tourist operator for a “meet the Sámi” experience that has very little to do with anyone’s actual life.

Saami family portrait around 1900
A Saami family portrait, around 1900. The area has been continuously inhabited by Sami for at least 4,000 years, which is a lot longer than Finland has been Finland.

The traditional Sámi tent is the lavvu, the conical pole-and-canvas structure you’ll see at most reindeer farms now used as a coffee-and-fire shelter for tourists. The older permanent winter shelter is the kammi, a turf-roofed half-buried hut, which you can see preserved examples of at Siida and at the open-air section of the museum (closed in deep winter; check ahead). If you are reading this in summer, the open-air museum is a half-day on its own.

Sajos Sami Parliament building in Inari
Sajos, the Sami Parliament of Finland, opened in Inari in 2012. You can visit the foyer and the cafe; the parliament chamber is open on guided tours. Photo by Mikko Tarkka / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0)

The aurora here is, predictably, very good. Lake Inari is enormous, frozen for months, ringed by low fell, and there is essentially zero light pollution. Wilderness Hotel Inari runs aurora cabins right on the ice; Hotel Inari is the small village hotel and is fine. If you only have two nights in the region and want a real cultural day plus a serious aurora night, base in Inari rather than Saariselkä.

Reindeer farms versus husky farms

Reindeer at a wooden fence in Kolari, Lapland
Most reindeer farms you visit on a tour are family operations supplementing herding income with day visitors. The good ones are in Inari; the Rovaniemi versions are hit-and-miss.

Both are real. Both are also a tourist product, and the difference matters.

Reindeer in Lapland, Finland
Reindeer in Finland are mostly semi-domesticated. They graze freely all summer and get rounded up in autumn. €70 to €100 buys you a 1-3 km sleigh ride and a coffee. Photo by Heather Sunderland / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

Reindeer in Finnish Lapland are mostly semi-domesticated. They graze freely in the summer, get rounded up in the autumn for ear-marking and the cull, and many of them belong to a Sámi family or a Finnish reindeer-herding cooperative. The “reindeer farm” you visit on a tour is usually a small operation run by a herding family that supplements its income by hosting day visitors. You’ll be in a sleigh pulled by one or two reindeer, around a 1 to 3 kilometre track, with coffee and pulla (cardamom bun) by a fire afterwards. The reindeer don’t really “race”; they walk briskly. Around €70 to €100 for an hour and a half. The good ones are family-run, the bad ones feel processed. In Inari the operations tend to be more authentic; in Rovaniemi it’s hit-and-miss.

Dog sled team running in Rovaniemi snowy landscape
Husky tours are more physical than reindeer rides. You’ll drive the sled in pairs and the dogs run hard. €120 to €200 for two and a half hours.

Husky farms are different. Huskies were not historically a Sámi animal. Sled-dog tourism in Lapland is mostly a 1990s onwards business, often run by Norwegian, Finnish, and other European mushers who race their dogs in summer and run tourist operations in winter. The tours are more physical: you drive a sled yourself in pairs (one drives, one sits, swap halfway), the dogs run hard, the trail is 5 to 20 kilometres. Around €120 to €200 for two and a half hours.

Husky on a leash in snowy Kolari, Lapland
Sled dogs in Lapland are mostly Alaskan and Siberian husky crosses, bred for endurance over speed. The good kennels stop running tours when it gets above plus 5 to protect the dogs.

If you only do one, pick the husky tour for the activity and the reindeer tour for the cultural element. The reindeer sleigh ride at most farms is short, slow, and a bit underwhelming as a thing in itself; what makes it worth it is the conversation around the fire afterwards if your hosts are willing to talk about herding life. The husky tour is genuinely fun on its own merits.

What an aurora-chasing tour actually does

Aurora borealis on a snowy plain in Kittila
Most aurora tours are €120 to €250 for a small group, three to five hours, picked up from your hotel. The good ones come with a repeat-night clause.

An aurora tour in Lapland costs between €120 and €250 for a small group, three to five hours, picked up from your hotel. The standard small operator runs a minibus, a forecast app, and a guide who has been doing it for several seasons. Here is what they actually do for the money.

Aurora borealis lighting up Kemi at night
What you are paying the guide for is the cloud-cover map and the willingness to drive 100 kilometres to find clear sky.

First, they check the cloud cover map. The single best free tool for this is Ventusky, which gives you cloud cover by the hour for the next 36 hours over the whole region. The guide will look at where the clouds are and decide which direction to drive. If the village you are in is socked in but a clearing is forecast over a lake 80 kilometres away, the tour is going to that lake. This is the part you cannot easily do yourself unless you are renting a car and confident driving on icy roads in the dark.

Sled-dog team running through snow
If your sky is clear and your cabin is dark, you do not need a tour. Walk outside, look up.

Second, they cross-reference the cloud forecast with the aurora forecast. The Finnish Meteorological Institute publishes a forecast at en.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/auroras-and-space-weather that is the most reliable in Europe. Most guides also use NOAA’s space weather feed. The KP index is the headline number; in northern Finland anything KP 2 or above will produce a visible aurora if the sky is clear, and KP 4+ is a serious show.

Husky sled team in winter landscape
Some tours combine aurora chasing with snowmobile or husky travel. Done well, this is excellent. Done badly, you spend the night listening to engines.

Third, they drive you to a spot, set up a fire, hand out flasks of berry juice and biscuits, and let you stand around in the dark for two hours. If the lights show, they show. If they don’t, you go to a backup spot and try again. Most reputable operators offer a “if you didn’t see them” partial refund or a free repeat the next night, which is the single best reason to book through a known company. Lapin Taivas in Rovaniemi, Beyond Arctic in Levi, Lapland Welcome in Saariselkä, and Northwind Lapland in Ylläs all have repeat-night clauses.

Northern lights over rural landscape in Kiruna
Photographers tend to skip group tours and book private photo guides at around €350 a night. Worth it if you care about specific compositions.

Do you need a tour? If you are at a remote cabin with no light pollution and you have a clear sky forecast, no. Walk outside, look up. If you are in central Rovaniemi or central Levi village, yes. If your sky looks bad and you want a guide who can drive 100 kilometres to find clear sky, definitely. The pure photographers tend to skip group tours and book private photo guides (around €350 for a night), which take you to specific compositions and help you with camera settings. For most travellers, the standard small-group tour is the right call.

When to come

Snow-blanketed Lapland forest in deep winter
Mid-September to early April is the season. There are two sweet spots inside that window, and a couple of weeks I would actively avoid.

The aurora season in Finland runs early September to early April, with two distinct sweet spots and a couple of periods I’d avoid.

Autumn trees near Saariselka, Finnish Lapland
Ruska, the autumn colour, runs from mid-September to early October. Aurora reflections in unfrozen lakes are the photographer’s prize at this time.

Mid-September to early October. The lakes are still unfrozen, autumn colour (called ruska) is on, the trees are gold, and you can stand by water for the reflections. Activity is high because the equinox effect boosts solar wind. The compromise is that nights are still relatively short, and you need to stay up late. No snow, no skiing, no glass-igloo magic. But for photographers, this is arguably the best month of the year. Days are around 5 to 10 degrees, nights drop to freezing. Light layers, rubber boots.

Frosted trees at sunrise near Saariselka
Late November is the month I would skip. Cloudy, snowy, cold has not yet stabilised the air. Aurora hunters call it the toughest month.

Late November to mid-December is the period I would avoid. The sun is low or below the horizon, polar night is starting, but the snow is still building and cloud cover is at its worst. The cold has not yet stabilised the air. Aurora hunters call November “the toughest month” with good reason. The exception is if you are after Christmas markets and Santa rather than the lights, in which case the Rovaniemi Christmas season is genuinely a thing.

Aurora over a snowy Lapland landscape at night
Late December to late January is the deepest polar night. The sun does not rise in Saariselka from early December to early January. You feel that.

Late December to late January is the deepest polar night. Saariselkä loses the sun entirely from early December to early January. You’ll have aurora if the sky clears, but the cold is at its harshest (minus 25 to minus 35 nights are normal) and the daytime light is a long blue dusk. This is the time for snow and reindeer and the heavy winter feel. Activities are running, prices are at their peak around Christmas and New Year. If you want the polar-night atmosphere, this is when.

Lone rider crossing the snowfield in Kemi, Lappi
Late February to late March is the sweet spot for a first trip. Days long enough to ski, snow everywhere, the cold off its January peak.

Late February to late March is the sweet spot for most people. Days are long enough to ski properly, snow is everywhere, the cold has dropped from the January peak (minus 10 to minus 20 is more typical), and the spring equinox boosts aurora activity again. By the second half of March you have 12 hours of daylight and big aurora nights. This is what I would recommend to anyone going for the first time.

Early April closes the season. The light returns, the snow starts retreating from the south, but the ski areas are still in full operation and the late-March equinox effect carries over. Last week of March or first week of April, before the Easter rush, is the bargain period.

Getting there and getting around

Kittila airport runway in winter
Kittila airport (KTT) serves Levi and Yllas. Direct flights from a handful of European cities in winter; Helsinki year-round. Photo by Bemoeial / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

The four winter airports are Rovaniemi (RVN), Kittilä (KTT, for Levi and Ylläs), Ivalo (IVL, for Saariselkä, Kakslauttanen, and Inari), and Kuusamo (KAO, for Ruka and Oulanka). All have direct flights from Helsinki year-round. In winter you can fly direct from London, Manchester, Paris, Frankfurt, Zurich, and a few other European cities to Rovaniemi and Kittilä; Ivalo’s direct international service is thinner. Helsinki is your fallback in any case.

The best train is the overnight VR sleeper from Helsinki to Rovaniemi or Kemijärvi. The Helsinki-Rovaniemi sleeper leaves around 18:50, arrives around 09:00, and you can put your car on the same train (around €230 single for the car, €70 to €150 for the cabin depending on type). For a longer trip with a hire car, this is a good option; you get one less day of driving and you wake up in the Arctic. vr.fi for booking.

For getting between the towns, the bus network covers Rovaniemi to Saariselkä and Inari (Eskelisen Lapinlinjat), and the connection from Kittilä airport to Levi is on a regular shuttle. Renting a car is what most people do; expect €600 to €900 a week in winter for an all-wheel-drive small SUV from Sixt, Hertz, or local operators at the airports. Studded tyres are mandatory by law from December to February and are included in winter rentals.

A working week-long itinerary

Pielpajarvi wilderness church near Inari
Pielpajarvi wilderness church, an hour’s snowshoe walk north of Inari village. Worth a half-day on a clear afternoon. Photo by Tiia Monto / Wikimedia Commons (CC BY-SA 4.0)

If you have a week and you want the full Finnish Lapland experience without rushing, here is the itinerary I send to friends.

Frozen coniferous trees in a Rovaniemi valley
A week-long Lapland trip needs no flights between bases. About 700 kilometres of driving total covers Rovaniemi, Saariselka, Inari, and Levi or Yllas.

Day 1, fly into Rovaniemi midday. Spend three hours at Arktikum, an hour at Santa Claus Village on the way out, drive or transfer four hours to Saariselkä. Check in, sauna, dinner, watch the sky.

Day 2 and 3, Saariselkä. One day for a husky tour (book Bearhill Husky or one of the smaller Saariselkä operators), one day for either snowshoeing into Urho Kekkonen NP or the Kaunispää fell. Aurora chasing both nights, either self-driven or with Lapland Welcome.

Day 4, drive 40 minutes to Inari. Spend a full day at Siida, the village, and along the lakeshore. Stay at Wilderness Hotel Inari or Hotel Inari. Aurora over Lake Inari is one of the great photographic compositions in the region, and the lake is so dark even by Lapland standards that you basically can’t take a bad shot if the activity is up.

Day 5, drive back south, four hours to Levi, with stops. If you are not skiing, swap Levi for Ylläs.

Day 6, ski day at Levi or Ylläs. Aurora chase that evening from the resort.

Day 7, fly out from Kittilä.

This is one country, no flights between bases, around 700 kilometres of driving total. You see the cultural centre at Inari, the deep wilderness at Saariselkä, the resort experience at Levi, and you pass through Rovaniemi for the museum. You skip Kakslauttanen and you save €1,500 a couple.

What to pack and what to expect of yourself

Snowy forest at dusk in Yllasjarvi
At minus 25, exposed skin starts to feel a deep dull ache in about a minute. Use the kit your hotel lends you. It is rated to minus 40 for a reason.

The cold is the part most people underestimate. At minus 25, exposed skin starts to feel a deep dull ache in about a minute. Your nostrils freeze on the inside. You will not last long outside in normal winter clothes. The good news is that every reasonable hotel and tour operator in Lapland lends you the proper kit: a thermal overall, snow boots (rated to minus 40), and mittens. Use them. Don’t try to do an aurora tour in your ski jacket and gloves and find out at minus 28 that your gloves are not enough.

Snow-blanketed pine forest in Finland
Hand warmers cost €2 a pair at any K-Market in Lapland. Keep a couple inside your camera battery compartment as well as your gloves.

What to bring: thermal base layer (merino if you can), a good fleece, a beanie that covers your ears, a buff or balaclava for your face, two pairs of socks (a thin liner under a wool sock), and lip balm. Hand warmers (€2 a pair from any K-Market or service station in Lapland) are worth their weight; use them in your gloves and inside your camera body’s battery compartment. Phone batteries die fast; keep your phone in an inside pocket close to your skin.

Snowy mountains and forest in Finnish Lapland
Phone batteries die in cold the way you would not believe. Keep yours on the inside, against your skin if you can. Same for spare camera batteries.

For aurora photography, the absolute basics: a camera with manual mode, a tripod, a wide lens (anything 14 to 24mm), and at least two batteries kept warm. Settings: ISO 1600 to 3200, aperture wide open, shutter 5 to 10 seconds. The aurora moves; long exposures wash it out. Modern phones can take a recognisable photograph on night mode but you’ll want a tripod or something to brace against. Don’t waste your night fiddling with the camera; the lights are short, often 10 to 20 minutes of intensity, and you’ll regret a missed half-hour spent on settings.

Some realism

Aurora borealis illuminating a snowy landscape in Helukka
The first time most people see the aurora they think it is a faint cloud. Then it stretches, brightens, develops a green band, starts moving.

You might not see them. People come for a week and don’t see them. Cloud is the killer. If you have three or four nights of cloud, you have three or four nights of nothing. Tour operators give you the partial refund or the repeat night, but the lights are not on a schedule and the weather is not on a schedule.

Aurora borealis over Finnish Lapland night sky
Three-night trip: roughly a 65 percent chance you see them properly. Five-night trip: 85 percent. Build the trip around the place, not the lights.

The numbers I would set in your head: a one-night trip has maybe a 30 per cent chance of a real aurora show, weather and activity considered. Three nights gets you to about 65 per cent. Five nights to roughly 85 per cent. Seven nights, if you’re picking the right place and time, you should see them, probably more than once. The corollary is: do not come for two days and expect anything. Come for a week, plan to enjoy the place even if the lights don’t come, and treat the lights as a possible bonus.

Aurora borealis over a calm lake in Askainen
The camera sees more colour than your eye does. That is not because the photographs are fake, it is because long exposures stack photons.

And when they do come, the photographs you’ve seen are colour-amplified. The first time most people see the aurora they think it’s a faint cloud. Then it stretches, brightens, develops a green band, starts moving. Strong shows are unmistakable; weaker shows look like a curtain of pale silver-green. Both are the real thing. The camera sees more colour than your eye does because long exposures stack photons.

Aurora borealis over a snowy night in Finnish Lapland
Aalto University researchers recorded the auroral crackle in 2012, ending centuries of speculation. Sounds like dry pine bark in a fire, very faint.

The sound is the rarest part. Reports of crackling auroras were folklore until 2012, when a Finnish acoustic researcher at Aalto University recorded them. They happen when the temperature inversion in the lower atmosphere lines up with strong activity. I’ve heard them once, on a still January night in Saariselkä, like dry pine bark cracking in a fire, very faint, very strange. Most people never hear it. Most people never miss it.

If you only do one thing

Aurora over the Askainen shoreline
Stay long enough that the lights are a possible bonus, not the entire trip. The Lapland that pays off is the one you stay long enough in to see properly.

Go to Saariselkä for four nights in late February. Book one daytime activity, one aurora tour, one evening at the Star Arctic sauna. Take a half-day at Siida in Inari. Don’t take the trip personally if the lights don’t show on a given night; lie back on the bed, watch the dome above you, and the next night will probably be different. The Lapland that pays off is the one you stay long enough in to see properly. The brochure version is the one you skip.

If you are chaining this with the rest of Scandinavia, the natural pairings are Tromsø versus Abisko on the Norwegian-Swedish border for the comparison piece, Iceland for the wilder version with volcanoes, and Helsinki as your gateway south when you fly out. Inari to Helsinki by train, with a sleeper, is one of the great rides in Europe.